{"id":26,"date":"2014-09-02T14:03:53","date_gmt":"2014-09-02T14:03:53","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/pinsa.wildleim.com\/?page_id=26"},"modified":"2025-03-12T12:02:01","modified_gmt":"2025-03-12T12:02:01","slug":"diagnosis-pid","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/pinsa.org.za\/members\/what-is-pids\/diagnosis-pid\/","title":{"rendered":"Diagnosis"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>.kb-row-layout-id26_2f676b-8a > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id26_2f676b-8a > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id26_2f676b-8a > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-none, 0rem );row-gap:40px;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;min-height:350px;grid-template-columns:minmax(0, calc(65% - ((var(--global-kb-gap-none, 0rem ) * 1 )\/2)))minmax(0, calc(35% - ((var(--global-kb-gap-none, 0rem ) * 1 )\/2)));}.kb-row-layout-id26_2f676b-8a > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.40;background-color:var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id26_2f676b-8a > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id26_2f676b-8a > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id26_2f676b-8a alignfull kt-row-has-bg wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-layout-overlay kt-row-overlay-normal\"><\/div><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-2-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top kt-inner-column-height-full\">\n<style>.kadence-column26_a133a3-3b > .kt-inside-inner-col{display:flex;}.kadence-column26_a133a3-3b > .kt-inside-inner-col{min-height:350px;border-top:1px solid transparent;border-right:1px solid transparent;border-bottom:1px solid transparent;border-left:1px solid transparent;}.kadence-column26_a133a3-3b > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column26_a133a3-3b > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column26_a133a3-3b > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column26_a133a3-3b > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:flex-start;}.kadence-column26_a133a3-3b > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column26_a133a3-3b{align-self:flex-start;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column26_a133a3-3b{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column26_a133a3-3b > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:flex-start;}.kadence-column26_a133a3-3b > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.52;}.kadence-column26_a133a3-3b{position:relative;}.kadence-column26_a133a3-3b, .kt-inside-inner-col > .kadence-column26_a133a3-3b:not(.specificity){margin-right:0px;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column26_a133a3-3b > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:1px solid transparent;border-right:1px solid transparent;border-bottom:1px solid transparent;border-left:1px solid transparent;flex-direction:column;justify-content:flex-start;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column26_a133a3-3b{align-self:flex-start;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column26_a133a3-3b{align-self:auto;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column26_a133a3-3b > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:flex-start;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column26_a133a3-3b > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:1px solid transparent;border-right:1px solid transparent;border-bottom:1px solid transparent;border-left:1px solid transparent;flex-direction:column;justify-content:flex-start;}.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column26_a133a3-3b{align-self:flex-start;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column26_a133a3-3b{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column26_a133a3-3b > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:flex-start;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column26_a133a3-3b inner-column-1\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading26_ee2109-8c, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading26_ee2109-8c[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading26_ee2109-8c\"]{padding-top:30px;padding-left:50px;margin-bottom:0px;font-size:71px;line-height:58px;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-family:Rasa;text-transform:uppercase;color:rgba(196,234,242,0.51);}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading26_ee2109-8c mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading26_ee2109-8c[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading26_ee2109-8c\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading26_ee2109-8c img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading26_ee2109-8c[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading26_ee2109-8c\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading26_ee2109-8c, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading26_ee2109-8c[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading26_ee2109-8c\"]{text-align:center!important;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading26_ee2109-8c, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading26_ee2109-8c[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading26_ee2109-8c\"]{font-size:30px;}}<\/style>\n<h2 class=\"kt-adv-heading26_ee2109-8c wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading26_ee2109-8c\">What is PID<\/h2>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading26_ce0555-aa, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading26_ce0555-aa[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading26_ce0555-aa\"]{padding-left:8px;margin-top:-20px;margin-left:100px;font-size:var(--global-kb-font-size-xl, 3rem);line-height:35px;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-family:Inter;text-transform:capitalize;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading26_ce0555-aa mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading26_ce0555-aa[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading26_ce0555-aa\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading26_ce0555-aa img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading26_ce0555-aa[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading26_ce0555-aa\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading26_ce0555-aa, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading26_ce0555-aa[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading26_ce0555-aa\"]{text-align:center!important;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading26_ce0555-aa, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading26_ce0555-aa[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading26_ce0555-aa\"]{font-size:27px;line-height:27px;}}<\/style>\n<h2 class=\"kt-adv-heading26_ce0555-aa wp-block-kadence-advancedheading has-theme-palette-3-color has-text-color\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading26_ce0555-aa\">Diagnosis<\/h2>\n\n\n<nav style=\"font-size:18px;font-style:normal;font-weight:600\" class=\"has-text-color has-theme-palette8-color has-background has-theme-palette3-background-color items-justified-center wp-block-navigation is-horizontal is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-navigation-is-layout-b618d73c wp-block-navigation-is-layout-flex\" aria-label=\"What is PIDs\"><ul style=\"font-size:18px;font-style:normal;font-weight:600\" class=\"wp-block-navigation__container has-text-color has-theme-palette8-color has-background has-theme-palette3-background-color items-justified-center wp-block-navigation\"><li style=\"font-size: 18px\" class=\"wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\"  href=\"https:\/\/pinsa.org.za\/members\/what-is-pids\/types-primary-immunodeficiency\/\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">Types<\/span><\/a><\/li><li style=\"font-size: 18px\" class=\"wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\"  href=\"https:\/\/pinsa.org.za\/members\/what-is-pids\/symptoms\/\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">Symptoms<\/span><\/a><\/li><li style=\"font-size: 18px\" class=\"wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\"  href=\"https:\/\/pinsa.org.za\/members\/what-is-pids\/diagnosis-pid\/\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">Diagnosis<\/span><\/a><\/li><li style=\"font-size: 18px\" class=\"wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\"  href=\"https:\/\/pinsa.org.za\/members\/what-is-pids\/treatment\/\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">Treatment<\/span><\/a><\/li><li style=\"font-size: 18px\" class=\"wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\"  href=\"https:\/\/pinsa.org.za\/members\/faqs-about-the-treatment-of-pids\/\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">FAQ<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav>\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-wrap.wp-block-kadence-rowlayout.kb-row-layout-id26_07b07e-90{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kb-row-layout-id26_07b07e-90 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id26_07b07e-90 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id26_07b07e-90 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);padding-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;min-height:400px;grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}.kb-row-layout-id26_07b07e-90{background-image:url('https:\/\/pinsa.org.za\/members\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/09\/doctor-with-child-e1410266951113.jpg');background-size:cover;background-position:37% 22%;background-attachment:scroll;background-repeat:no-repeat;}.kb-row-layout-id26_07b07e-90 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.70;background-color:var(--global-palette8, #F7FAFC);}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id26_07b07e-90 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id26_07b07e-90 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id26_07b07e-90 alignnone kt-row-has-bg wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-layout-overlay kt-row-overlay-normal\"><\/div><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-1-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column26_7459bc-d5 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column26_7459bc-d5 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column26_7459bc-d5 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column26_7459bc-d5 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column26_7459bc-d5 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column26_7459bc-d5 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column26_7459bc-d5{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column26_7459bc-d5 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column26_7459bc-d5 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column26_7459bc-d5 inner-column-1\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column26_5e9882-29 > .kt-inside-inner-col{display:flex;}.kadence-column26_5e9882-29 > .kt-inside-inner-col{padding-top:5px;padding-right:5px;padding-bottom:5px;padding-left:5px;}.kadence-column26_5e9882-29 > .kt-inside-inner-col{min-height:350px;box-shadow:0px 2px 2px 0px var(--global-palette7, #EDF2F7);border-left:2px dashed var(--global-palette8, #F7FAFC);}.kadence-column26_5e9882-29 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column26_5e9882-29 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column26_5e9882-29:hover > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:1px dashed var(--global-palette8, #F7FAFC);border-right:1px dashed var(--global-palette8, #F7FAFC);border-bottom:1px dashed var(--global-palette8, #F7FAFC);border-left:1px dashed var(--global-palette8, #F7FAFC);}.kadence-column26_5e9882-29 > .kt-inside-inner-col{row-gap:0px;column-gap:0px;}.kadence-column26_5e9882-29 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column26_5e9882-29 > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column26_5e9882-29 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column26_5e9882-29 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column26_5e9882-29 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column26_5e9882-29{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column26_5e9882-29{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column26_5e9882-29 > .kt-inside-inner-col{align-items:center;}.kadence-column26_5e9882-29 > .kt-inside-inner-col{background-color:rgba(237, 242, 247, 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.kt-inside-inner-col{border-top:1px dashed var(--global-palette8, #F7FAFC);border-right:1px dashed var(--global-palette8, #F7FAFC);border-bottom:1px dashed var(--global-palette8, #F7FAFC);border-left:1px dashed var(--global-palette8, #F7FAFC);}.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column26_5e9882-29{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column26_5e9882-29{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column26_5e9882-29 > .kt-inside-inner-col{align-items:center;}.kadence-column26_5e9882-29 > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column26_5e9882-29 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column26_5e9882-29 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column26_5e9882-29 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}.kadence-column26_5e9882-29, .kt-inside-inner-col > .kadence-column26_5e9882-29:not(.specificity){margin-top:50px;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column26_5e9882-29 kvs-md-false kvs-sm-false kb-section-dir-horizontal inner-column-2\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.kadence-column_9294aa-98 > .kt-inside-inner-col{display:flex;}.kadence-column_9294aa-98 > .kt-inside-inner-col{padding-top:5px;padding-right:5px;padding-bottom:5px;padding-left:5px;}.kadence-column_9294aa-98 > .kt-inside-inner-col{min-height:350px;border-left:0px solid var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);}.kadence-column_9294aa-98 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column_9294aa-98 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column_9294aa-98:hover > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column_9294aa-98:hover > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column_9294aa-98 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column_9294aa-98 > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column_9294aa-98 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column_9294aa-98 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column_9294aa-98 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column_9294aa-98{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column_9294aa-98{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column_9294aa-98 > .kt-inside-inner-col{align-items:center;}.kadence-column_9294aa-98 > .kt-inside-inner-col{background-color:rgba(237, 242, 247, 0.61);}.kadence-column_9294aa-98 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column_9294aa-98{text-align:center;}.kadence-column_9294aa-98{position:relative;}.kadence-column_9294aa-98, .kt-inside-inner-col > .kadence-column_9294aa-98:not(.specificity){margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:0px;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column_9294aa-98 > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-left:0px solid var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column_9294aa-98{align-self:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column_9294aa-98{align-self:auto;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column_9294aa-98 > .kt-inside-inner-col{align-items:center;}}@media all and (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column_9294aa-98 > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column_9294aa-98 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column_9294aa-98 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column_9294aa-98 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column_9294aa-98 > .kt-inside-inner-col{border-left:0px solid var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:flex-start;justify-content:center;}.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column_9294aa-98{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column_9294aa-98{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column_9294aa-98 > .kt-inside-inner-col{align-items:center;}.kadence-column_9294aa-98 > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column_9294aa-98 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column_9294aa-98 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column_9294aa-98 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}.kadence-column_9294aa-98, .kt-inside-inner-col > .kadence-column_9294aa-98:not(.specificity){margin-top:50px;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column_9294aa-98 kb-section-dir-horizontal inner-column-2\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading_fbf55e-16, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading_fbf55e-16[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading_fbf55e-16\"]{padding-left:20px;text-align:center;font-size:var(--global-kb-font-size-lg, 2rem);line-height:80px;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-family:Rasa;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading_fbf55e-16 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading_fbf55e-16[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading_fbf55e-16\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading_fbf55e-16 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading_fbf55e-16[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading_fbf55e-16\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h2 class=\"kt-adv-heading_fbf55e-16 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading has-theme-palette-4-color has-text-color\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading_fbf55e-16\">\ud83d\udccc Members Information:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-horizontal is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-7d812b4c wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button has-custom-width wp-block-button__width-75 has-custom-font-size is-style-outline is-style-outline--1\" style=\"font-size:18px\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/pinsa.org.za\/members\/member-home\/\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">Members Home<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button has-custom-width wp-block-button__width-75 has-custom-font-size is-style-outline is-style-outline--2\" style=\"font-size:18px\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/pinsa.org.za\/members\/healthcare-professionals\/\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"> Healthcare Professionals<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button has-custom-width wp-block-button__width-75 has-custom-font-size is-style-outline is-style-outline--3\" style=\"font-size:18px\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/pinsa.org.za\/members\/what-is-pids\/\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">What is Primary Immunodeficiency<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button has-custom-width wp-block-button__width-75 has-custom-font-size is-style-outline is-style-outline--4\" style=\"font-size:18px\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/pinsa.org.za\/members\/living-with-pid\/\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"> Living with Primary Immunodeficiency<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button has-custom-width wp-block-button__width-75 has-custom-font-size is-style-outline is-style-outline--5\" style=\"font-size:18px\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/pinsa.org.za\/members\/our-stories\/\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Our Stories<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button has-custom-width wp-block-button__width-75 has-custom-font-size is-style-outline is-style-outline--6\" style=\"font-size:18px\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/pinsa.org.za\/members\/conferences-events\/\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Conferences and Events<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button has-custom-width wp-block-button__width-75 has-custom-font-size is-style-outline is-style-outline--7\" style=\"font-size:18px\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/pinsa.org.za\/members\/pid-kids-and-teens\/\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">PID Kids and Teens<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading26_396593-a9, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading26_396593-a9[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading26_396593-a9\"]{font-size:var(--global-kb-font-size-xl, 3rem);font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-family:Rasa;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading26_396593-a9 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading26_396593-a9[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading26_396593-a9\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading26_396593-a9 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading26_396593-a9[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading26_396593-a9\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h2 class=\"kt-adv-heading26_396593-a9 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading26_396593-a9\">Diagnosis of<strong> <\/strong>Primary Immunodeficiency<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In general the earlier the underlying diagnosis of a PID is made, the less damage will be done and, often, the easier it is to treat the disease successfully. Doctors and nurses are often not familiar with the characteristic signs and symptoms of a PID and this can, in some cases, lead to significant diagnostic delay. On average this is still more than&nbsp;four years, though in some&nbsp;milder cases it may be almost a decade. An accurate diagnosis of a PID may also be delayed because the primary symptom of the disorder, a series of infections, can easily be attributed to &#8216;ordinary&#8217; illness, especially in children. Frequent infections are common among children, even those who would otherwise be classified as &#8216;healthy&#8217;. For an adult patient showing signs of a PID, there are other factors in diagnosis delay. While severe cases of a PID are typically diagnosed in children, symptoms revealing milder forms often do not appear until later in life. In addition, sometimes health professionals just don\u2019t pick up on the pattern and frequency of infections, which is necessary to quickly make the proper diagnosis. For example, upper and lower respiratory tract infections are often attributed to something else.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Importance of family history<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When a doctor does begin to suspect the possibility of a PID&nbsp;he or she&nbsp;will want to review your medical and family histories, looking for the patterns that would point to a diagnosis of a PID. <\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignright\"><a href=\"http:\/\/pinsa.org.za\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/09\/jmf_4stages_poster.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"815\" src=\"http:\/\/pinsa.org.za\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/09\/jmf_4stages_poster.gif\" alt=\"jmf_4stages_poster\" class=\"wp-image-608\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Then, the doctors will want to do simple blood tests, including a full blood count (FBC), and measure your immunoglobulin levels. If they still suspect a PID they will then use more sophisticated tests to diagnose the specific type of PID involved.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>What can you do to help?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Ask the question of your doctor, particularly if you end up in hospital with a serious infection, auto-inflammatory disease or cancer \u2013 why have I or my family member developed this disease? Could I have an underlying immunodeficiency?<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">All too often modern medicine focuses on treating the immediate medical problem and getting you or your family member well again and back to your daily routine without thinking about an underlying problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The question &#8216;Why me?&#8217; is typically forgotten. Increasingly, doctors are finding that in patients, particularly children and young adults, with serious or unusual infections, auto-inflammatory diseases and even in patients with some cancers, there may be an underlying genetic cause, which includes an immunodeficiency disease. Posing the question &#8216;Why me?&#8217; will at least get your doctor to think of the possibility of an underlying primary immunodeficiency. And that is half the battle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The next step might involve reassuring you that this is unlikely, or otherwise an enquiry to a specialist with training in this area, or just a simple blood test, but there is certainly no harm in considering this possibility.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><em>Ask the question of your doctor \u2013 could another member of the family have the same PID?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Although most PIDs arise spontaneously, some are inherited from one or both parents. If one member of the family is already affected it is very important that the disease is considered in all other family members, particularly brothers and sisters. It is therefore your duty to raise the question with your doctor as to whether it is worth screening brothers and sisters or other family members. This particularly applies to newborn babies, to prevent them getting sick or dying unnecessarily.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">More than anything else this is the most important thing you can do for your family to help with the timely diagnosis of a PID. Think about it; ask your general practitioner, your obstetrician, or your paediatrician, particularly when a baby is born.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><em>Make your doctor and nurses aware of the tools available to help make a diagnosis of a PID.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ask your doctor and nurses involved in your care to look at the diagnostic tool available on the UKPIN website&nbsp;<strong>www.ukpin.org.uk\/home\/ESID\/index.htm<\/strong>. This tool has been specially designed to help non-specialist investigation of a potential PID.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Your doctor will be able to access specialist advice, when required,&nbsp;through our Medical Advisory Panel (MAP). There is also an invaluable tool in the management of PID in South Africa through the Position Statement developed by our MAP <a href=\"https:\/\/allsa.org\/immunoglobulin-replacement-therapy-in-immune-deficiency-in-south-africa\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/allsa.org\/immunoglobulin-replacement-therapy-in-immune-deficiency-in-south-africa\/ <\/a><\/p>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading26_f89e32-ed, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading26_f89e32-ed[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading26_f89e32-ed\"]{margin-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-md, 2rem);margin-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-md, 2rem);text-align:center;font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading26_f89e32-ed mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading26_f89e32-ed[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading26_f89e32-ed\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading26_f89e32-ed img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading26_f89e32-ed[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading26_f89e32-ed\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h2 class=\"kt-adv-heading26_f89e32-ed wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading26_f89e32-ed\">Below are some further useful resources in the diagnosis of PID<\/h2>\n\n\n<style>.kt-post-loop26_759616-a3 .kadence-post-image{padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.kt-post-loop26_759616-a3 .kt-post-grid-wrap{gap:30px 30px;}.kt-post-loop26_759616-a3 .kt-blocks-post-grid-item{border-top-left-radius:15px;border-top-right-radius:15px;border-bottom-right-radius:15px;border-bottom-left-radius:15px;border-top:2px solid var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-right:2px solid var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-bottom:2px solid var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-left:2px solid var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);background-color:var(--global-palette1, #3182CE);overflow:hidden;box-shadow:0px 0px 14px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);}.kt-post-loop26_759616-a3 .kt-blocks-post-grid-item .kt-blocks-post-grid-item-inner{padding-top:15px;padding-right:25px;padding-bottom:25px;padding-left:25px;}.kt-post-loop26_759616-a3 .kt-blocks-post-grid-item .kt-blocks-post-grid-item-inner{text-align:left;}.kt-post-loop26_759616-a3 .kt-blocks-post-grid-item header{padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:10px;padding-left:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:0px;}.kt-post-loop26_759616-a3 .kt-blocks-post-grid-item .entry-title{padding-top:10px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:5px;padding-left:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:0px;font-size:20px;line-height:20px;}.kt-post-loop26_759616-a3 .kt-blocks-post-grid-item .kt-blocks-post-top-meta{color:#777777;}.kt-post-loop26_759616-a3 .kt-blocks-post-grid-item .kt-blocks-post-top-meta a{color:#777777;}.kt-post-loop26_759616-a3 .kt-blocks-post-grid-item .kt-blocks-post-top-meta a:hover{color:#444444;}.kt-post-loop26_759616-a3 .entry-content{padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:0px;}.kt-post-loop26_759616-a3 .kt-blocks-post-footer{color:#777777;border-top-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:0px;font-size:12px;line-height:20px;}.kt-post-loop26_759616-a3 .entry-content:after{height:0px;}.kt-post-loop26_759616-a3 .kt-blocks-post-footer a{color:#777777;}.kt-post-loop26_759616-a3 .kt-blocks-post-footer a:hover{color:#444444;}.kt-post-loop26_759616-a3 .entry-content .kt-blocks-post-readmore{background-color:var(--global-palette6, #718096);border-color:var(--global-palette6, #718096);color:#ffffff;border-radius:50px;padding-top:4px;padding-right:8px;padding-bottom:4px;padding-left:8px;margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:0px;font-size:20px;line-height:20px;}.kt-post-loop26_759616-a3 .entry-content .kt-blocks-post-readmore:hover{color:#ffffff;border-color:#555555;background-color:#555555;}.kt-post-loop26_759616-a3 .kb-filter-item{border-top-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;border-bottom-width:2px;border-left-width:0px;padding-top:5px;padding-right:8px;padding-bottom:5px;padding-left:8px;margin-top:0px;margin-right:10px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:0px;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-post-loop26_759616-a3 .kt-blocks-post-grid-item{border-top:2px solid var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-right:2px solid var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-bottom:2px solid var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-left:2px solid var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-post-loop26_759616-a3 .kt-blocks-post-grid-item{border-top:2px solid var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-right:2px solid var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-bottom:2px solid var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);border-left:2px solid var(--global-palette2, #2B6CB0);}}<\/style><div class=\"wp-block-kadence-postgrid kt-blocks-post-loop-block alignnone kt-post-loop26_759616-a3 kt-post-grid-layout-grid \"><div class=\"kt-post-grid-layout-grid-wrap kt-post-grid-wrap\" data-columns-xxl=\"3\" data-columns-xl=\"3\" data-columns-md=\"3\" data-columns-sm=\"2\" data-columns-xs=\"1\" data-columns-ss=\"1\"data-item-selector=\".kt-post-masonry-item\"><article class=\"kt-blocks-post-grid-item post-2931 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-diagnosis tag-autoimmunity tag-diagnosis tag-ipopi\"><div class=\"kt-blocks-post-grid-item-inner-wrap kt-feat-image-align-none kt-feat-image-mobile-align-top\"><div class=\"kt-blocks-post-grid-item-inner\"><header><h2 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pinsa.org.za\/members\/autoimmunity\/\">Autoimmunity<\/a><\/h2><div class=\"kt-blocks-post-top-meta\"><div class=\"kt-blocks-post-author\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-author-pretext\">By <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pinsa.org.za\/members\/author\/joy-rosario\/\" class=\"kt-blocks-post-author-link fn\">PiNSA<\/a><\/div><div class=\"kt-blocks-meta-divider kt-blocks-meta-no-divider\"><\/div><div class=\"kt-blocks-post-author\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-category-pretext\">Posted in <\/span><span class=\"kt-blocks-categories\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pinsa.org.za\/members\/category\/what-is-primary-immunodeficiency\/diagnosis\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Diagnosis<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/header><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"kt-blocks-post-readmore-wrap\"><a class=\"kt-blocks-post-readmore\" href=\"https:\/\/pinsa.org.za\/members\/autoimmunity\/\">Read More<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> Autoimmunity<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><footer class=\"kt-blocks-post-footer\"><div class=\"kt-blocks-post-footer-left\"><div class=\"kt-blocks-tags kt-blocks-post-footer-section\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-tags-icon\"><svg version=\"1.1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"kt-blocks-tag-svg\" width=\"36\" height=\"32\" fill=\"currentColor\" viewBox=\"0 0 36 32\"><title>Tags<\/title><path d=\"M34.939 19.939l-8.879-8.879c-0.583-0.583-1.736-1.061-2.561-1.061h-18c-0.825 0-1.5 0.675-1.5 1.5v19c0 0.825 0.675 1.5 1.5 1.5h18c0.825 0 1.977-0.477 2.561-1.061l8.879-8.879c0.583-0.583 0.583-1.538-0-2.121zM25 24c-1.657 0-3-1.343-3-3s1.343-3 3-3 3 1.343 3 3-1.343 3-3 3z\"><\/path><path d=\"M2 8h21l-0.939-0.939c-0.583-0.583-1.736-1.061-2.561-1.061h-18c-0.825 0-1.5 0.675-1.5 1.5v19c0 0.825 0.675 1.5 1.5 1.5h0.5v-20z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pinsa.org.za\/members\/tag\/autoimmunity\/\" rel=\"tag\">Autoimmunity<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pinsa.org.za\/members\/tag\/diagnosis\/\" rel=\"tag\">diagnosis<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pinsa.org.za\/members\/tag\/ipopi\/\" rel=\"tag\">IPOPI<\/a><\/div><\/div><div class=\"kt-blocks-post-footer-right\"><\/div><\/footer><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"kt-blocks-post-grid-item post-2712 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-diagnosis tag-classification tag-diagnosis tag-primary-immunodeficiency tag-types\"><div class=\"kt-blocks-post-grid-item-inner-wrap kt-feat-image-align-none kt-feat-image-mobile-align-top\"><div class=\"kt-blocks-post-grid-item-inner\"><header><h2 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pinsa.org.za\/members\/how-are-primary-immunodeficiencies-classified\/\">How are primary immunodeficiencies classified?<\/a><\/h2><div class=\"kt-blocks-post-top-meta\"><div class=\"kt-blocks-post-author\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-author-pretext\">By <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pinsa.org.za\/members\/author\/joy-rosario\/\" class=\"kt-blocks-post-author-link fn\">PiNSA<\/a><\/div><div class=\"kt-blocks-meta-divider kt-blocks-meta-no-divider\"><\/div><div class=\"kt-blocks-post-author\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-category-pretext\">Posted in <\/span><span class=\"kt-blocks-categories\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pinsa.org.za\/members\/category\/what-is-primary-immunodeficiency\/diagnosis\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Diagnosis<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/header><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"kt-blocks-post-readmore-wrap\"><a class=\"kt-blocks-post-readmore\" href=\"https:\/\/pinsa.org.za\/members\/how-are-primary-immunodeficiencies-classified\/\">Read More<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> How are primary immunodeficiencies classified?<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><footer class=\"kt-blocks-post-footer\"><div class=\"kt-blocks-post-footer-left\"><div class=\"kt-blocks-tags kt-blocks-post-footer-section\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-tags-icon\"><svg version=\"1.1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"kt-blocks-tag-svg\" width=\"36\" height=\"32\" fill=\"currentColor\" viewBox=\"0 0 36 32\"><title>Tags<\/title><path d=\"M34.939 19.939l-8.879-8.879c-0.583-0.583-1.736-1.061-2.561-1.061h-18c-0.825 0-1.5 0.675-1.5 1.5v19c0 0.825 0.675 1.5 1.5 1.5h18c0.825 0 1.977-0.477 2.561-1.061l8.879-8.879c0.583-0.583 0.583-1.538-0-2.121zM25 24c-1.657 0-3-1.343-3-3s1.343-3 3-3 3 1.343 3 3-1.343 3-3 3z\"><\/path><path d=\"M2 8h21l-0.939-0.939c-0.583-0.583-1.736-1.061-2.561-1.061h-18c-0.825 0-1.5 0.675-1.5 1.5v19c0 0.825 0.675 1.5 1.5 1.5h0.5v-20z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pinsa.org.za\/members\/tag\/classification\/\" rel=\"tag\">classification<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pinsa.org.za\/members\/tag\/diagnosis\/\" rel=\"tag\">diagnosis<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pinsa.org.za\/members\/tag\/primary-immunodeficiency\/\" rel=\"tag\">primary immunodeficiency<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pinsa.org.za\/members\/tag\/types\/\" rel=\"tag\">types<\/a><\/div><\/div><div class=\"kt-blocks-post-footer-right\"><\/div><\/footer><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"kt-blocks-post-grid-item post-2682 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-diagnosis tag-diagnosis tag-ipopi tag-primary-immunodeficiency\"><div class=\"kt-blocks-post-grid-item-inner-wrap kt-feat-image-align-none kt-feat-image-mobile-align-top\"><div class=\"kt-blocks-post-grid-item-inner\"><header><h2 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pinsa.org.za\/members\/essentials-of-pid-diagnosis\/\">Essentials of PID Diagnosis<\/a><\/h2><div class=\"kt-blocks-post-top-meta\"><div class=\"kt-blocks-post-author\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-author-pretext\">By <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pinsa.org.za\/members\/author\/joy-rosario\/\" 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height=\"32\" fill=\"currentColor\" viewBox=\"0 0 36 32\"><title>Tags<\/title><path d=\"M34.939 19.939l-8.879-8.879c-0.583-0.583-1.736-1.061-2.561-1.061h-18c-0.825 0-1.5 0.675-1.5 1.5v19c0 0.825 0.675 1.5 1.5 1.5h18c0.825 0 1.977-0.477 2.561-1.061l8.879-8.879c0.583-0.583 0.583-1.538-0-2.121zM25 24c-1.657 0-3-1.343-3-3s1.343-3 3-3 3 1.343 3 3-1.343 3-3 3z\"><\/path><path d=\"M2 8h21l-0.939-0.939c-0.583-0.583-1.736-1.061-2.561-1.061h-18c-0.825 0-1.5 0.675-1.5 1.5v19c0 0.825 0.675 1.5 1.5 1.5h0.5v-20z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pinsa.org.za\/members\/tag\/diagnosis\/\" rel=\"tag\">diagnosis<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pinsa.org.za\/members\/tag\/ipopi\/\" rel=\"tag\">IPOPI<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pinsa.org.za\/members\/tag\/primary-immunodeficiency\/\" rel=\"tag\">primary immunodeficiency<\/a><\/div><\/div><div class=\"kt-blocks-post-footer-right\"><\/div><\/footer><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"kt-blocks-post-grid-item post-2662 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-diagnosis tag-diagnosis tag-ipopi tag-primary-immunodeficiency\"><div class=\"kt-blocks-post-grid-item-inner-wrap kt-feat-image-align-none kt-feat-image-mobile-align-top\"><div class=\"kt-blocks-post-grid-item-inner\"><header><h2 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pinsa.org.za\/members\/diagnosis-of-primary-immunodeficiencies\/\">Diagnosis of Primary Immunodeficiencies<\/a><\/h2><div class=\"kt-blocks-post-top-meta\"><div class=\"kt-blocks-post-author\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-author-pretext\">By <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pinsa.org.za\/members\/author\/joy-rosario\/\" class=\"kt-blocks-post-author-link fn\">PiNSA<\/a><\/div><div class=\"kt-blocks-meta-divider kt-blocks-meta-no-divider\"><\/div><div class=\"kt-blocks-post-author\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-category-pretext\">Posted in <\/span><span class=\"kt-blocks-categories\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pinsa.org.za\/members\/category\/what-is-primary-immunodeficiency\/diagnosis\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Diagnosis<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/header><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"kt-blocks-post-readmore-wrap\"><a class=\"kt-blocks-post-readmore\" href=\"https:\/\/pinsa.org.za\/members\/diagnosis-of-primary-immunodeficiencies\/\">Read More<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> Diagnosis of Primary Immunodeficiencies<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><footer class=\"kt-blocks-post-footer\"><div class=\"kt-blocks-post-footer-left\"><div class=\"kt-blocks-tags kt-blocks-post-footer-section\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-tags-icon\"><svg version=\"1.1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"kt-blocks-tag-svg\" width=\"36\" height=\"32\" fill=\"currentColor\" viewBox=\"0 0 36 32\"><title>Tags<\/title><path d=\"M34.939 19.939l-8.879-8.879c-0.583-0.583-1.736-1.061-2.561-1.061h-18c-0.825 0-1.5 0.675-1.5 1.5v19c0 0.825 0.675 1.5 1.5 1.5h18c0.825 0 1.977-0.477 2.561-1.061l8.879-8.879c0.583-0.583 0.583-1.538-0-2.121zM25 24c-1.657 0-3-1.343-3-3s1.343-3 3-3 3 1.343 3 3-1.343 3-3 3z\"><\/path><path d=\"M2 8h21l-0.939-0.939c-0.583-0.583-1.736-1.061-2.561-1.061h-18c-0.825 0-1.5 0.675-1.5 1.5v19c0 0.825 0.675 1.5 1.5 1.5h0.5v-20z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pinsa.org.za\/members\/tag\/diagnosis\/\" rel=\"tag\">diagnosis<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pinsa.org.za\/members\/tag\/ipopi\/\" rel=\"tag\">IPOPI<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pinsa.org.za\/members\/tag\/primary-immunodeficiency\/\" rel=\"tag\">primary immunodeficiency<\/a><\/div><\/div><div class=\"kt-blocks-post-footer-right\"><\/div><\/footer><\/div><\/div><\/article><article class=\"kt-blocks-post-grid-item post-2660 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-diagnosis tag-diagnosis tag-genetics tag-ipopi tag-primary-immunodeficiency\"><div class=\"kt-blocks-post-grid-item-inner-wrap kt-feat-image-align-none kt-feat-image-mobile-align-top\"><div class=\"kt-blocks-post-grid-item-inner\"><header><h2 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pinsa.org.za\/members\/genetic-diagnosis-of-primary-immunodeficiency\/\">Genetic Diagnosis of PIDS<\/a><\/h2><div class=\"kt-blocks-post-top-meta\"><div class=\"kt-blocks-post-author\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-author-pretext\">By <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pinsa.org.za\/members\/author\/joy-rosario\/\" class=\"kt-blocks-post-author-link fn\">PiNSA<\/a><\/div><div class=\"kt-blocks-meta-divider kt-blocks-meta-no-divider\"><\/div><div class=\"kt-blocks-post-author\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-category-pretext\">Posted in <\/span><span class=\"kt-blocks-categories\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pinsa.org.za\/members\/category\/what-is-primary-immunodeficiency\/diagnosis\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Diagnosis<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/header><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"kt-blocks-post-readmore-wrap\"><a class=\"kt-blocks-post-readmore\" href=\"https:\/\/pinsa.org.za\/members\/genetic-diagnosis-of-primary-immunodeficiency\/\">Read More<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> 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class=\"kt-blocks-author-pretext\">By <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pinsa.org.za\/members\/author\/joy-rosario\/\" class=\"kt-blocks-post-author-link fn\">PiNSA<\/a><\/div><div class=\"kt-blocks-meta-divider kt-blocks-meta-no-divider\"><\/div><div class=\"kt-blocks-post-author\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-category-pretext\">Posted in <\/span><span class=\"kt-blocks-categories\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pinsa.org.za\/members\/category\/what-is-primary-immunodeficiency\/diagnosis\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Diagnosis<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/header><div class=\"entry-content\"><div class=\"kt-blocks-post-readmore-wrap\"><a class=\"kt-blocks-post-readmore\" href=\"https:\/\/pinsa.org.za\/members\/primary-immunodeficiency-and-cancer\/\">Read More<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> Primary Immunodeficiency and cancer<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><footer class=\"kt-blocks-post-footer\"><div class=\"kt-blocks-post-footer-left\"><div class=\"kt-blocks-tags kt-blocks-post-footer-section\"><span 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